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System designers should run stress tests and long-duration tests on their Modern Standby systems to help identify and resolve potential reliability issues. Modern Standby enables the system to keep running, even when it is in a low-power, screen-off state. This state is different from the traditional ACPI Sleep (S3) and Hibernate (S4) states, in which much of the system hardware and software is stopped and then stays inactive until it is later restarted on resume.

Modern Standby enables the system to stay up and running for a much longer total time and can therefore expose hardware and software reliability issues that would not be discovered on a system that supports only S3 and S4.

Entry and exit

Every Modern Standby system should be validated to enter and exit Modern Standby for at least 1,000 cycles without failure. Entry to and exit from Modern Standby is the user's primary interaction with low-power operation on the system and should be extremely reliable.

Successfully entering and exiting Modern Standby validates a number of hardware, firmware, and device-driver components, which include:

The platform hardware that manages power-button operation, including the power-management IC (PMIC).
The display-panel management and initialization hardware.
The Wi-Fi and networking device firmware and driver.
The graphics device driver.

Stress-testing of Modern Standby entry and exit can be automated using the PwrTest tool. PwrTest should be installed on the target system as part of the Windows Driver Kit (WDK), which includes additional software for automating the system power button on Modern Standby systems.

Test scenario	Expected result	Diagnostic notes
The system can enter and exit Modern Standby reliably for at least 1,000 cycles.	Use the PwrTest tool and the /cs command-line option to automatically cycle the system through Modern Standby for 1,000 cycles. The expected result is that the system completes all 1,000 cycles.	We recommend incrementally increasing the stress test to 1,000 cycles. First, test for 100 cycles. If an error is found, connect the system to a kernel debugger and to the SoC hardware debugger, and repeat the 100-cycle test to capture and determine the root cause of the issue. After the 100-cycle test successfully completes, extend the cycle count to 500 cycles and then to 1,000 cycles.

SoC low-power state transitions

The firmware and drivers that are responsible for managing SoC transitions between the idle and active power states must be highly reliable to withstand the stresses of operating for long periods in Modern Standby. SoC low-power state transitions should be stressed through long-duration Modern Standby testing. This testing helps ensure that the system remains reliably operational during long Modern Standby durations, such as over the weekend. This test should be performed while connected to AC power.

Measurement scenario	Expected result	Power notes
The system can stay in Modern Standby for 100 consecutive hours and is functional on exit. The system maintains Wi-Fi connectivity during the 100 hours and Wi-Fi connectivity is functional on exit.	Put the system in Modern Standby and wake it with the power button after 100 hours. The expected result is that the system powers on instantly and the Wi-Fi connection is operational without additional configuration or selection of a Wi-Fi network.	We recommend incrementally increasing the long-duration test to 100 hours. First, test for 24 hours. If an error is found, connect the system to a kernel debugger and to the SoC hardware debugger, and repeat the 24-hour test to capture and determine the root cause of the issue. After the 24-hour test successfully completes, extend the duration to 100 hours.

Measurement scenario

Expected result

Power notes

The system can stay in Modern Standby for 100 consecutive hours and is functional on exit. The system maintains Wi-Fi connectivity during the 100 hours and Wi-Fi connectivity is functional on exit.

Put the system in Modern Standby and wake it with the power button after 100 hours.

The expected result is that the system powers on instantly and the Wi-Fi connection is operational without additional configuration or selection of a Wi-Fi network.

We recommend incrementally increasing the long-duration test to 100 hours.

First, test for 24 hours. If an error is found, connect the system to a kernel debugger and to the SoC hardware debugger, and repeat the 24-hour test to capture and determine the root cause of the issue.

After the 24-hour test successfully completes, extend the duration to 100 hours.

Windows HLK Modern Standby stress test

The Windows Hardware Lab Kit (HLK) includes a Modern Standby stress test named Connected Standby Stress with Driver Verifier's Concurrency Stress that exercises automatic modern standby transitions at the same time that device drivers are exercised for device operation. The test is designed to verify that the device and its driver(s) continue to function as the system transitions to and from the Modern Standby power state.

This test is a critical part of validating that the system continues to operate as expected after it exits Modern Standby. This test is included as part of the Windows HLK and is required for system certification.

Test operation

The test uses the Windows Device Testing Framework (WDTF) SimpleIO interfaces to exercise devices that are enumerated on the system. These devices include sensors, cameras, audio, graphics, Wi-Fi, storage, and Bluetooth devices. The test places the system in Modern Standby for one minute, and then transitions the system out of Modern Standby and exercises the devices for 30 seconds. This cycle repeats 150 times.

During test execution, Driver Verifier is enabled to help identify driver bugs and memory leaks.

The test helps identify the following system or device driver problems:

A system crash or hang during device operation after a Modern Standby session.
The inability for the system to enter the low-power state (deepest runtime idle platform state, or DRIPS) after device activity.
Driver issues that are identified by Driver Verifier, including system corruption, driver failures, and memory leaks.
Driver issues after resume from Modern Standby, including unresponsiveness, crashes, or problem codes.

Resolving test failures

The test exercises multiple devices, which can result in different types of test failures. Identifying the type of test failure is the first step to finding the root cause of system or driver issues.

The test typically fails in one of the following three failure modes:

The test fails and the failure is recorded in the Windows HLK logs, which contain data about the detected failure.
The test fails, but the system does not report to the Windows HLK server as a result of the failure; however, the system is responsive and works with local interaction.
The test does not complete and the system under test crashes or hangs (frozen at a black screen).

Debugging test failures that are recorded in the Windows HLK logs

There are two common failure types when test failures are recorded in the Windows HLK logs:

The system failed to enter the low-power state (DRIPS) during the test.
The test detected that it could no longer communicate with a driver, and a time-out occurred.

You can use the SleepStudy report, which is included as part of the test logs, to identify which components are responsible for preventing the system from entering the low-power s

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